Biotechnology: Principles and Processes

In genetic engineering, a DNA segment (gene) of interest, is transferred to the host cell through a vector. Consider the following four agents (A-D) in this regard and select the correct option about which one or more of these can be used as a vector / vectors –

1. B and D only
2. A and C only
3. A, B and D only
4. A only

Which one of the following palindromic base sequences in DNA can be easily cut at about the middle by some particular restriction enzyme?

1. 5′ —— CGTTCG —— 3′ 3′ —— ATGGTA —— 5′
2. 5′ —— GAATTC —— 3′ 3′ —— CTTAAG —— 5′
3. 5′ —— CACGTA —— 3′ 3′ —— CTCAGT —— 5′
4. 5′ —— GATATG —— 3′ 3′ —— CTACTA —— 5′

Which one of the following is used as vector for cloning genes into higher organisms ?

1. Retrovirus
2. Salmonella typhimurium
3. Rhizopus nigricans
4. Baculovirus

Restriction endonucleases are enzymes which –

1. recognize a specific nucleotide sequence for binding of DNA ligase
2. remove nucleotides from the ends of the DNA molecule
3. restrict the action of the enzyme DNA polymerase
4. make cuts at specific positions within the DNA molecule

Stirred-tank bioreactors have been designed for –

1. Purification of the product
2. Availability of oxygen throughout the process
3. Ensuring anaerobic conditions in the culture vessel
4. Addition of preservatives to the product

Which of the following are used in gene cloning ?

1. Mesosomes
2. Nucleoids
3. Lomasomes
4. Plasmids

Polyethylene glycol method is used for:

1. Biodiesel production
2. Seedless fruit production
3. Energy production from sewage
4. Gene transfer without a vector

Which one of the following is commonly used in transfer of foreign DNA into crop plants?

1. Trichoderma harzianum
2. Meloidogyne incognita
3. Agrobacterium tumefaciens
4. Penicillium expansum

Gel electrophoresis is used for:

1. cutting of DNA into fragments
2. separation of DNA fragments according to their size
3. construction of recombinant DNA by joining with cloning vectors
4. isolation of DNA molecule

The linking of antibiotic resistance gene with the plasmid vector became possible with:

1. Exonucleases
2. Endonucleases
3. DNA ligase
4. DNA polymerase