Human Health and Disease

Widal Test is carried out to test :

1. HIV/AIDS
2. Typhoid fever
3. Malaria
4. Diabetes mellitus

In which one of the following options the two examples are correctly matched with their particular type of immunity?

1. array|l|l| Examples & Types of immunity \ Polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes & Cellular barriers \ array
2. array|l|l| Examples & Types of immunity \ Anti-tetanus and antisnake bite injection & Active immunity \ array
3. array|l|l| Examples & Types of immunity \ Saliva in mouth and Tear in eyes & Physical barriers \ array
4. array|l|l| Examples & Types of immunity \ Mucus coating of epithelium lining the urinogenital tract and the HCl in stomach & Physiological barriers \ array

Which one of the following options gives the correct matching of a disease with its causative organism and mode of infection?

1. Disease Pneumonia, Causative Organism Streptococcus pneumoniae, Mode of Infection Droplet infection
2. Disease Malaria, Causative Organism Plasmodium vivax, Mode of Infection Bite of male Anopheles mosquito
3. Disease Elephantiasis, Causative Organism Wuchereria bancrofti, Mode of Infection With infected water and food
4. Disease Typhoid, Causative Organism Salmonella typhi, Mode of Infection With inspired air

Common cold is not cured by antibiotics because it is:

1. caused by a Gram-positive bacterium
2. caused by a Gram-negative bacterium
3. not an infectious disease
4. caused by a virus

Where will you look for the sporozoites of the malarial parasite ?

1. red blood corpuscles of humans suffering from malaria
2. spleen of infected humans
3. Salivary glands of freshly moulted female Anopheles mosquito
4. Saliva of infected female Anopheles mosquito

Which one of the following acts as a physiological barrier to the entry of microorganisms in human body?

1. Epithelium of urogenital tract
2. Tears
3. Monocytes
4. Skin

A certain patient is suspected to be suffering from Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome. Which diagnostic technique will you recommend for its detection?

1. ELISA
2. MRI
3. Ultra sound
4. WIDAL

At which stage of HIV infection does one usually show symptoms of AIDS?

1. When the infecting retrovirus enters host cells
2. When viral DNA is produced by reverse transcriptase
3. When HIV replicates rapidly in helper T-lymphocytes and damages large number of these
4. Within 15 days of sexual contact with an infected person

Which one of the following techniques is safest for the detection of cancers?

1. Computed tomography (CT)
2. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
3. Histopathological studies
4. Radiography (X-ray)

A person suffering from a disease caused by Plasmodium, experiences recurring chill and fever at the time when

1. the parasite after its rapid multiplication inside RBCs ruptures them, releasing the stage to enter fresh RBCs.
2. the trophozoites reach maximum growth and give out certain toxins
3. the sporozoites released from RBCs are being rapidly killed and broken down inside spleen
4. the microgametocytes and megagametocytes are being destroyed by the WBCs.

Ringworm in humans is caused by :

1. Fungi
2. Viruses
3. Bacteria
4. Nematodes

Widal test is used for the diagnosis of –

1. Tuberculosis
2. Malaria
3. Typhoid
4. Pneumonia

Which one of the following statements is correct with respect to AIDS ?

1. The causative HIV retrovirus enters helper T-lymphocytes thus reducing their numbers
2. AIDS patients are being fully cured cent per cent with proper care and nutrition
3. The HIV can be transmitted through eating food together with an infected person
4. Drug addicts are least susceptible to HIV infection

Select the correct statement from the ones given below :

1. Cocaine is given to patients after surgery as it stimulates recovery
2. Chewing tobacco lowers blood pressure and heart rate
3. Barbiturates when given to criminals make them tell the truth
4. Morphine is often given to persons who have undergone surgery as a pain killer

Which one of the following statements is correct?

1. Patients who have undergone surgery are given cannabinoids to relieve pain
2. Heroin accelerates body functions
3. Malignant tumours may exhibit metastasis
4. Benign tumours show the property of metastasis

Which of the following is a pair of viral diseases?

1. Ringworm, AIDS
2. Common Cold, AIDS
3. Typhoid, Tuberculosis
4. Dysentery, Common Cold

Match the disease in Column I with the appropriate items (pathogen/ prevention/ treatment) in Column II.

1. A = (ii), B = (iv), C = (i), D = (iii)
2. A = (i), B = (ii), C = (iii), D = (iv)
3. A = (ii), B = (i), C = (iii), D = (iv)
4. A = (ii), B = (iii), C = (iv), D = (i)

Which one of the following is the correct statement regarding the particular psychotropic drug specified?

1. Hashish causes after thought perceptions and hallucinations
2. Morphine leads to delusions and disturbed emotions
3. Opium stimulates nervous system and causes hallucinations
4. Barbiturates cause relaxation and temporary euphoria

Increased asthmatic attacks in certain seasons are related to:

1. Eating fruits preserved in tin containers
2. Inhalation of seasonal pollen
3. Low temperature
4. Hot and humid environment

Lysozyme that is present in perspiration, saliva and tears, destroys:

1. Certain types of bacteria
2. Most virus-infected cells
3. All viruses
4. Certain fungi

HIV that causes AIDS, first starts destroying

1. Helper T-lymphocytes
2. B-lymphocytes
3. Leucocytes
4. Thrombocytes

A person showing unpredictable moods, outbursts of emotion, quarrelsome behaviour and conflicts with others is suffering from-

1. Mood disorders
2. Addictive disorders
3. Schizophrenia
4. Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)

Antibodies in our body are complex-

1. Prostaglandins
2. Steroids
3. Glycoproteins
4. Lipoproteins

Which one of the following depresses brain activity and produces feelings of calmness, relaxation and drowsiness ?

1. Hashish
2. Amphetamines
3. Morphine
4. Valium

Damage to thymus in a child may lead to

1. A reduction in stem cell production
2. Loss of cell mediated immunity
3. A reduction in haemoglobin content of blood
4. Loss of antibody mediated immunity

Which one of the following is not correctly matched ?

1. Anopheles culicifacies – Leishmaniasis
2. Glossina palpalis – Sleeping sickness
3. Culex pipiens – Filariasis
4. Aedes aegypti – Yellow fever

Carcinoma refers to :-

1. Malignant tumours of the colon
2. Benign tumours of the connective tissue
3. Malignant tumours of the connective tissue
4. Malignant tumours of the skin or mucous membrane

Short-lived immunity acquired from mother to foetus across placenta or through mother's milk to the infant is categorised as :-

1. Passive immunity
2. Cellular immunity
3. Innate non-specific immunity
4. Active immunity

Cancerous cells can easily be destroyed by radiations due to : -

1. Fast mutation
2. Lack of oxygen
3. Rapid cell division
4. Lack of nutrition

Which one of the following is correct match ?

1. Bhang – Analgesic
2. Cocaine – opiatic narcotic
3. Morphine – Hallucinogenic
4. Reserpine – Tranquilliser