Digestion and Absorption

One of the constituents of the pancreatic juice which is poured into the duodenum in humans is

1. trypsinogen
2. chymotrypsin
3. trypsin
4. enterokinase

Which one of the following correctly represents the normal adult human dental formula?

1. 33, 11, 32, 11
2. 22, 11, 32, 33
3. 22, 11, 22, 33
4. 33, 11, 33, 33

Two friends are eating together on a dining table. One of them suddenly starts coughing while swallowing some food. This coughing would have been due to improper movement of

1. epiglottis
2. diaphragm
3. neck
4. tongue

Which one of the following enzymes carries out the initial step in the digestion of milk in humans?

1. Trypsin
2. Pepsin
3. Rennin
4. Lipase

If for some reason the parietal cells of the gut epithelium become partially non-functional, what is likely to happen?

1. The pancreatic enzymes and specially the trypsin and lipase will not work efficiently.
2. The pH of stomach will fall abruptly.
3. Steapsin will be more effective.
4. Proteins will not be adequately hydrolysed by pepsin into proteoses and peptones.

Jaundice is a disorder of

1. excretory system
2. skin and eyes
3. digestive system
4. circulatory system

Carrier ions like Na+ facilitate the absorption of substances like

1. amino acids and glucose
2. glucose and fatty acids
3. fatty acids and glycerol
4. fructose and some amino acids

If for some reason our goblet cells are nonfunctional, this will adversely affect

1. production of somatostatin
2. secretion of sebum from the sebaceous glands
3. maturation of sperms
4. smooth movement of food down the intestine

When breast feeding is replaced by less nutritive food low in proteins and calories; the infants below the age of one year are likely to suffer from

1. rickets
2. kwashiorkor
3. pellagra
4. marasmus

A young infant may be feeding entirely on mother's milk which is white in colour but the stools which the infant passes out is quite yellowish. What is this yellow colour due to?

1. Bile pigments passed through bile juice
2. Undigested milk protein casein
3. Pancreatic juice poured into duodenum
4. Intestinal juice

Which one of the following statements is true regarding digestion and absorption of food in humans?

1. Fructose and amino acids are absorbed through intestinal mucosa with the help of carrier ions like Na+.
2. Chylomicrons are small lipoprotein particles that are transported from intestine into blood capillaries.
3. About 60% of starch is hydrolysed by salivary amylase in our mouth.
4. Oxyntic cells in our stomach secrete the proenzyme pepsinogen.

Which one of the following pairs of food components in humans reaches the stomach totally undigested?

1. Starch and fat
2. Fat and cellulose
3. Starch and cellulose
4. Protein and starch

Which one of the following is the correct matching of the site of action on the given substrate, the enzyme acting upon it and the end product?

1. Small intestine : Proteins Pepsin amino acids
2. Stomach : Fats Lipase micelles
3. Duodenum : Triglycerides Trypsin monoglycerides
4. Small intestine : Starch -Amylase disaccharide (maltose)

What will happen if the secretion of parietal cells of gastric glands is blocked with an inhibitor?

1. In the absence of HCl secretion, inactive pepsinogen is not converted into the active enzyme pepsin.
2. Enterokinase will not be released from the duodenal mucosa and so trypsinogen is not converted to trypsin.
3. Gastric juice will be deficient in chymosin.
4. Gastric juice will be deficient in pepsinogen.

Which one of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin and its related deficiency disease?

1. Retinol – Xerophthalmia
2. Cobalamine – Beri-beri
3. Calciferol – Pellagra
4. Ascorbic acid – Scurvy

Secretin and cholecystokinin are digestive hormones. They are secreted in

1. pyloric stomach
2. duodenum
3. ileum
4. oesophagus.

Epithelial cells of the intestine involved in food absorption have on their surface

1. pinocytic vesicles
2. microvilli
3. zymogen granules
4. phagocytic vesicles.

A patient is generally advised to specially consume more meat, lentils, milk and eggs in diet only when he suffers from

1. scurvy
2. kwashiorkor
3. rickets
4. anaemia.

Which group of three of the following five statements (1–5) contain all three correct statements regarding beri-beri? 1. A crippling disease prevalent among the native population of sub-Saharan Africa 2. A deficiency disease caused by lack of thiamine (vitamin B1) 3. A nutritional disorder in infants and young children when the diet is persistently deficient in essential protein 4. Occurs in those countries where the staple diet is polished rice 5. The symptoms are pain from neuritis, paralysis, muscle wasting, progressive oedema, mental deterioration and finally heart failure.

1. 2, 4 and 5
2. 1, 2 and 4
3. 1, 3 and 5
4. 2, 3 and 5

The richest sources of vitamin B12 are

1. goat's liver and Spirulina
2. chocolate and green gram
3. rice and hen's egg
4. carrot and chicken's breast.

Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?

1. Vitamin B12 - Pernicious anaemia
2. Vitamin B6 - Convulsions
3. Vitamin B1 - Beri-beri
4. Vitamin B2 - Pellagra

Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?

1. Vitamin C – Scurvy
2. Vitamin B2 – Pellagra
3. Vitamin B12 – Pernicious anaemia
4. Vitamin B6 – Beri-beri

During prolonged fasting, in what sequence are the following organic compounds used up by the body?

1. First carbohydrates, next fats and lastly proteins
2. First fats, next carbohydrates and lastly proteins
3. First carbohydrates, next proteins and lastly lipids
4. First proteins, next lipids and lastly carbohydrates

Stool of a person is whitish grey coloured due to malfunction of which of the following organs?

1. Pancreas
2. Spleen
3. Kidney
4. Liver

Hydrolytic enzymes which act at low pH are called

1. proteases
2. -amylases
3. hydrolases
4. peroxidases.

Which one of the following is correctly matched?

1. Vitamin E – Tocopherol
2. Vitamin D – Riboflavin
3. Vitamin B – Calciferol
4. Vitamin A – Thiamine

In mammals milk is digested by the action of

1. rennin
2. amylase
3. intestinal bacteria
4. invertase

A person is eating boiled potato; his food contains the component

1. cellulose which is digested by cellulase
2. starch which is not digested
3. lactose which is not digested
4. DNA which can be digested by pancreatic DNase