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Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

AIPMT 2006MCQMedium📈 Topic in 38% papers+4−1
Ques. 1AIPMT 2006

A carbonyl compound reacts with hydrogen cyanide to form cyanohydrin which on hydrolysis forms a racemic mixture of α-hydroxy acid. The carbonyl compound is

  1. formaldehyde
  2. acetaldehyde
  3. acetone
  4. diethyl ketone

Answer

(2) acetaldehyde

Solution

R-CO-R' + HCN R-C(OH)(CN)-R' H3O+ R-C(OH)(COOH)-R'

The new carbon is chiral only when R and R′ are different and neither is H twice.

Formaldehyde (H, H), acetone (CH3, CH3) and diethyl ketone (C2H5, C2H5) give achiral products.

Acetaldehyde: CH3CHO + HCN CH3-CH(OH)-CN H3O+ CH3- *CH(OH)-COOH

∵ The planar C=O group is attacked by CN- equally from both faces, both enantiomers of lactic acid (2-hydroxypropanoic acid) form in equal amounts, i.e. a racemic mixture.

Answer: (2)

Keep practising — Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

Ques. 2AIPMT 2006

Nucleophilic addition reaction will be most favoured in

  1. CH3CHO
  2. CH3-CH2-CH2- O \|C-CH3
  3. (CH3)2C=O
  4. CH3CH2CHO
Ques. 3AIPMT 2006

Self condensation of two moles of ethyl acetate in presence of sodium ethoxide yields

  1. ethyl propionate
  2. ethyl butyrate
  3. acetoacetic ester
  4. methyl acetoacetate
Ques. 4AIPMT 2005

In a set of reactions acetic acid yielded a product D. CH3COOH SOCl2 A [anhy. AlCl3]benzene B HCN C HOH D The structure of D would be

  1. [figure]
  2. [figure]
  3. [figure]
  4. [figure]
Ques. 5AIPMT 2003

When m-chlorobenzaldehyde is treated with 50% KOH solution, the product(s) obtained is (are)

  1. [figure]
  2. [figure]
  3. [figure]
  4. [figure]
Ques. 6AIPMT 2003

A and B in the following reactions are : [figure]

  1. [figure]
  2. [figure]
  3. A = RR'CHCN, B = NaOH
  4. [figure]
Ques. 7AIPMT 2002

[figure] In the above reaction product P is

  1. [figure]
  2. [figure]
  3. [figure]
  4. C6H5- O \|C-C6H5
Ques. 8AIPMT 2002

In the following reaction product P is R- O \|C-Cl [Pd-BaSO4]H2 P

  1. RCH2OH
  2. RCOOH
  3. RCHO
  4. RCH3
Ques. 9AIPMT 2002

[figure] Product 'P' in the above reaction is

  1. [figure]
  2. [figure]
  3. [figure]
  4. [figure]
Ques. 10AIPMT 2000

First product of the reaction between RCHO and NH2NH2 is

  1. RCH=NNH2
  2. RCH=NH
  3. RCH2NH2
  4. RCON3
Ques. 11AIPMT 2000

Benzoic acid may be converted into ethyl benzoate by reaction with :

  1. ethyl alcohol
  2. ethyl alcohol and dry HCl
  3. ethyl chloride
  4. sodium ethoxide.

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