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Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

AIPMT 2006MCQEasy📈 Topic in 38% papers+4−1
Ques. 1AIPMT 2006

Nucleophilic addition reaction will be most favoured in

  1. CH3CHO
  2. CH3-CH2-CH2- O \|C-CH3
  3. (CH3)2C=O
  4. CH3CH2CHO

Answer

(1) CH3CHO

Solution

As per NCERT, aldehydes are generally more reactive than ketones in nucleophilic addition reactions due to steric and electronic reasons: two alkyl groups hinder the approach of the nucleophile and reduce the electrophilicity of the carbonyl carbon more than one.

So the ketones (pentan-2-one, acetone) are less reactive than the aldehydes.

Between the aldehydes, the CH3 group (smaller, weaker +I) leaves the carbonyl carbon more electrophilic than C2H5 does.

∴ Reactivity: CH3CHO > CH3CH2CHO > (CH3)2CO > CH3CH2CH2COCH3

Answer: (1)

Keep practising — Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

Ques. 2AIPMT 2006

Self condensation of two moles of ethyl acetate in presence of sodium ethoxide yields

  1. ethyl propionate
  2. ethyl butyrate
  3. acetoacetic ester
  4. methyl acetoacetate
Ques. 3AIPMT 2005

In a set of reactions acetic acid yielded a product D. CH3COOH SOCl2 A [anhy. AlCl3]benzene B HCN C HOH D The structure of D would be

  1. [figure]
  2. [figure]
  3. [figure]
  4. [figure]
Ques. 4AIPMT 2003

When m-chlorobenzaldehyde is treated with 50% KOH solution, the product(s) obtained is (are)

  1. [figure]
  2. [figure]
  3. [figure]
  4. [figure]
Ques. 5AIPMT 2003

A and B in the following reactions are : [figure]

  1. [figure]
  2. [figure]
  3. A = RR'CHCN, B = NaOH
  4. [figure]
Ques. 6AIPMT 2002

[figure] In the above reaction product P is

  1. [figure]
  2. [figure]
  3. [figure]
  4. C6H5- O \|C-C6H5
Ques. 7AIPMT 2002

In the following reaction product P is R- O \|C-Cl [Pd-BaSO4]H2 P

  1. RCH2OH
  2. RCOOH
  3. RCHO
  4. RCH3
Ques. 8AIPMT 2002

[figure] Product 'P' in the above reaction is

  1. [figure]
  2. [figure]
  3. [figure]
  4. [figure]
Ques. 9AIPMT 2000

First product of the reaction between RCHO and NH2NH2 is

  1. RCH=NNH2
  2. RCH=NH
  3. RCH2NH2
  4. RCON3
Ques. 10AIPMT 2000

Benzoic acid may be converted into ethyl benzoate by reaction with :

  1. ethyl alcohol
  2. ethyl alcohol and dry HCl
  3. ethyl chloride
  4. sodium ethoxide.
Ques. 11AIPMT 2000

Reduction by LiAlH4 of hydrolysed product of an ester gives

  1. two alcohols
  2. two aldehydes
  3. one acid and one alcohol
  4. two acids.

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