Biomolecules (Biology)

Identify the basic amino acid from the following

1. Valine
2. Lysine
3. Tyrosine
4. Glutamic Acid

Concanavalin A is:

1. a lectin
2. a pigment
3. an alkaloid
4. an essential oil

Consider the following statements: Select the correct option

1. Both A and B are false
2. A is false but B is true
3. Both A and B are true
4. A is true but B is false

The two functional groups characteristic of sugars are

1. carbonyl and methyl
2. carbonyl and hydroxyl
3. hydroxyl and methyl
4. carbonyl and phosphate

Which of the following statements is correct with reference to enzymes?

1. Holoenzyme = Apoenzyme + Coenzyme
2. Coenzyme = Apoenzyme + Holoenzyme
3. Holoenzyme = Coenzyme + Co-factor
4. Apoenzyme = Holoenzyme + Coenzyme

Which of the following are not polymeric?

1. Proteins
2. Polysaccharides
3. Lipids
4. Nucleic acids

A typical fat molecule is made up of

1. one glycerol and one fatty acid molecule
2. three glycerol and three fatty acid molecules
3. three glycerol molecules and one fatty acid molecule
4. one glycerol and three fatty acid molecules.

Which one of the following statements is wrong?

1. Uracil is a pyrimidine.
2. Glycine is a sulphur containing amino acid.
3. Sucrose is a disaccharide.
4. Cellulose is a polysaccharide.

A non-proteinaceous enzyme is

1. lysozyme
2. ribozyme
3. ligase
4. deoxyribonuclease.

Which of the following is the least likely to be involved in establishing the three-dimensional folding of most proteins?

1. Hydrogen bonds
2. Electrostatic interaction
3. Hydrophobic interaction
4. Ester bonds

Which of the following describes the given graph correctly? [figure]

1. Endothermic reaction with energy A in presence of enzyme and B in absence of enzyme.
2. Exothermic reaction with energy A in presence of enzyme and B in absence of enzyme.
3. Endothermic reaction with energy A in absence of enzyme and B in presence of enzyme.
4. Exothermic reaction with energy A in absence of enzyme and B in presence of enzyme.

The chitinous exoskeleton of arthropods is formed by the polymerisation of

1. N-acetyl glucosamine
2. lipoglycans
3. keratin sulphate and chondroitin sulphate
4. D-glucosamine.

Which of the following biomolecules does have a phosphodiester bond?

1. Amino acids in a polypeptide
2. Nucleotides in a nucleic acid
3. Fatty acids in a diglyceride
4. Monosaccharides in a polysaccharide

Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

1. The competitive inhibitor does not affect the rate of breakdown of the enzyme-substrate complex.
2. The presence of the competitive inhibitor decreases the Km of the enzyme for the substrate.
3. A competitive inhibitor reacts reversibly with the enzyme to form an enzyme-inhibitor complex.
4. In competitive inhibition, the inhibitor molecule is not chemically changed by the enzyme.

Select the option which is not correct with respect to enzyme action.

1. Substrate binds with enzyme at its active site.
2. Addition of a lot of succinate does not reverse the inhibition of succinic dehydrogenase by malonate.
3. A non-competitive inhibitor binds the enzyme at a site distinct from that which binds the substrate.
4. Malonate is a competitive inhibitor of succinic dehydrogenase.

Which one of the following is a non-reducing carbohydrate?

1. Maltose
2. Sucrose
3. Lactose
4. Ribose 5-phosphate

A phosphoglyceride is always made up of

1. a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid esterified to glycerol molecule to which a phosphate group is also attached.
2. a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid esterified to a phosphate group which is also attached to a glycerol molecule.
3. only a saturated fatty acid esterified to a glycerol molecule to which a phosphate group is also attached.
4. only an unsaturated fatty acid esterified to a glycerol molecule to which a phosphate group is also attached.

Macromolecule chitin is

1. sulphur containing polysaccharide
2. simple polysaccharide
3. nitrogen containing polysaccharide
4. phosphorus containing polysaccharide.

Transition state structure of the substrate formed during an enzymatic reaction is

1. transient and unstable
2. permanent and stable
3. transient but stable
4. permanent but unstable.

The essential chemical components of many coenzymes are

1. carbohydrates
2. vitamins
3. proteins
4. nucleic acids.

Which of the following statements about enzymes is wrong?

1. Enzymes are denaturated at high temperatures.
2. Enzymes are mostly proteins but some are lipids also.
3. Enzymes are highly specific.
4. Enzymes require optimum pH and temperature for maximum activity.

Uridine, present only in RNA is a

1. nucleoside
2. nucleotide
3. purine
4. pyrimidine.

The figure shows a hypothetical tetrapeptide portion of a protein with parts labelled A - D. Which one of the following options is correct? [figure]

1. D is an acidic amino acid-glutamic acid.
2. C is an aromatic amino acid-tryptophan.
3. A is the C-terminal amino acid and D is N-terminal amino acid.
4. A is a sulphur containing amino acid methionine.

Which one of the following biomolecules is correctly characterized?

1. Lecithin – a phosphorylated glyceride found in cell membrane.
2. Palmitic acid – an unsaturated fatty acid with 18 carbon atoms.
3. Adenylic acid – adenosine with a glucose phosphate molecule.
4. Alanine amino acid – contains an amino group and an acidic group anywhere in the molecule.

For its activity, carboxypeptidase requires

1. Zinc
2. iron
3. niacin
4. copper

Which one out of A - D given below correctly represents the structural formula of the basic amino acid? [figure]

1. C
2. D
3. A
4. B

Which one is the most abundant protein in the animal world?

1. Trypsin
2. Haemoglobin
3. Collagen
4. Insulin

The given diagrammatic representation shows one of the categories of small molecular weight organic compounds in the living tissues. Identify the category shown and the one blank component “X” in it. [figure]

1. [figure]
2. [figure]
3. [figure]
4. [figure]

The curve given below shows enzymatic activity in relation to three conditions (pH, temperature and substrate concentration). What do the two axes (x and y) represent? [figure]

1. array|l|l| x-axis & y-axis \ enzymatic activity & pH \ array
2. array|l|l| x-axis & y-axis \ temperature & enzyme activity \ array
3. array|l|l| x-axis & y-axis \ substrate concentration & enzymatic activity \ array
4. array|l|l| x-axis & y-axis \ enzymatic activity & temperature \ array

Which one of the following structural formulae of two organic compounds is correctly identified along with its related function? [figure]

1. B : Adenine – A nucleotide that makes up nucleic acids
2. A : Triglyceride – Major source of energy
3. B : Uracil – A component of DNA
4. A : Lecithin – A component of cell membrane