Chemical Coordination and Integration

Graves' disease is caused due to

1. hyposecretion of thyroid gland
2. hypersecretion of thyroid gland
3. hyposecretion of adrenal gland
4. hypersecretion of adrenal gland.

Name a peptide hormone which acts mainly on hepatocytes, adipocytes and enhances cellular glucose uptake and utilisation.

1. Insulin
2. Glucagon
3. Secretin
4. Gastrin

The posterior pituitary gland is not a 'true' endocrine gland because

1. it is provided with a duct
2. it only stores and releases hormones
3. it is under the regulation of hypothalamus
4. it secretes enzymes.

Which hormones do stimulate the production of pancreatic juice and bicarbonate?

1. Angiotensin and epinephrine
2. Gastrin and insulin
3. Cholecystokinin and secretin
4. Insulin and glucagon

Which one of the following hormones is not involved in sugar metabolism?

1. Insulin
2. Glucagon
3. Cortisone
4. Aldosterone

Which one of the following hormones though synthesised elsewhere, is stored and released by the master gland?

1. Prolactin
2. Melanocyte stimulating hormone
3. Antidiuretic hormone
4. Luteinising hormone

A chemical signal that has both endocrine and neural roles is

1. epinephrine
2. cortisol
3. melatonin
4. calcitonin.

Identify the hormone with its correct matching of source and function.

1. Oxytocin – posterior pituitary, growth and maintenance of mammary glands.
2. Melatonin – pineal gland, regulates the normal rhythm of sleep-wake cycle.
3. Progesterone – corpus luteum, stimulation of growth and activities of female secondary sex organs.
4. Atrial natriuretic factor – ventricular wall, increases the blood pressure.

Fight-or-flight reactions cause activation of

1. the parathyroid glands, leading to increased metabolic rate
2. the kidney, leading to suppression of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone pathway
3. the adrenal medulla, leading to increased secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine
4. the pancreas leading to a reduction in the blood sugar levels.

A pregnant female delivers a baby who suffers from stunted growth, mental retardation, low intelligence quotient and abnormal skin. This is the result of

1. cancer of the thyroid gland
2. oversecretion of pars distalis
3. deficiency of iodine in diet
4. low secretion of growth hormone.