Chemical Coordination and Integration

The posterior pituitary gland is not a 'true' endocrine gland because

1. it is provided with a duct
2. it only stores and releases hormones
3. it is under the regulation of hypothalamus
4. it secretes enzymes.

Which hormones do stimulate the production of pancreatic juice and bicarbonate?

1. Angiotensin and epinephrine
2. Gastrin and insulin
3. Cholecystokinin and secretin
4. Insulin and glucagon

Which one of the following hormones is not involved in sugar metabolism?

1. Insulin
2. Glucagon
3. Cortisone
4. Aldosterone

Which one of the following hormones though synthesised elsewhere, is stored and released by the master gland?

1. Prolactin
2. Melanocyte stimulating hormone
3. Antidiuretic hormone
4. Luteinising hormone

A chemical signal that has both endocrine and neural roles is

1. epinephrine
2. cortisol
3. melatonin
4. calcitonin.

Identify the hormone with its correct matching of source and function.

1. Oxytocin – posterior pituitary, growth and maintenance of mammary glands.
2. Melatonin – pineal gland, regulates the normal rhythm of sleep-wake cycle.
3. Progesterone – corpus luteum, stimulation of growth and activities of female secondary sex organs.
4. Atrial natriuretic factor – ventricular wall, increases the blood pressure.

Fight-or-flight reactions cause activation of

1. the parathyroid glands, leading to increased metabolic rate
2. the kidney, leading to suppression of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone pathway
3. the adrenal medulla, leading to increased secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine
4. the pancreas leading to a reduction in the blood sugar levels.

A pregnant female delivers a baby who suffers from stunted growth, mental retardation, low intelligence quotient and abnormal skin. This is the result of

1. cancer of the thyroid gland
2. oversecretion of pars distalis
3. deficiency of iodine in diet
4. low secretion of growth hormone.

Which of the following statements is correct in relation to the endocrine system?

1. Non-nutrient chemicals produced by the body in trace amounts that act as intercellular messenger are known as hormones.
2. Releasing and inhibitory hormones are produced by the pituitary gland.
3. Adenohypophysis is under direct neural regulation of the hypothalamus.
4. Organs in the body like gastrointestinal tract, heart, kidney and liver do not produce any hormones.

Select the answer which correctly matches the endocrine gland with the hormone it secretes and its function/deficiency symptom.

1. array|l|l|l| Endocrine & Hormone & Function/ \ gland & & Deficiency \ & & symptoms \ Thyroid & Thyroxine & Lack of iodine \ gland & & in diet results \ & & in goitre \ array
2. array|l|l|l| Endocrine & Hormone & Function/ \ gland & & Deficiency \ & & symptoms \ Corpus & Testosterone & Stimulates \ luteum & & spermatogenesis \ array
3. array|l|l|l| Endocrine & Hormone & Function/ \ gland & & Deficiency \ & & symptoms \ Anterior & Oxytocin & Stimulates uterine \ pituitary & & contraction during \ & & child birth \ array
4. array|l|l|l| Endocrine & Hormone & Function/ \ gland & & Deficiency \ & & symptoms \ Posterior & Growth & Oversecretion \ pituitary & hormone & stimulates \ & (GH) & abnormal growth \ array