Biotechnology: Principles and Processes

Given below is a sample of a portion of DNA strand giving the base sequence on the opposite strands. What is so special shown in it ? 5' .............. GAATTC ................ 3' 3' .............. CTTAAG ................ 5'

1. Start codon at the 5' end
2. Replication completed
3. Deletion mutation
4. Palindromic sequence of base pairs

There is a restriction endonuclease called EcoRI. What does "co" part in it stand for ?

1. colon
2. coelom
3. coenzyme
4. coli

Agarose extracted from sea weeds finds use in :

1. Spectrophotometry
2. PCR
3. Tissue Culture
4. Gel electrophoresis

Which one of the following palindromic base sequences in DNA can be easily cut at about the middle by some particular restriction enzyme?

1. 5′ —— CGTTCG —— 3′ 3′ —— ATGGTA —— 5′
2. 5′ —— GAATTC —— 3′ 3′ —— CTTAAG —— 5′
3. 5′ —— CACGTA —— 3′ 3′ —— CTCAGT —— 5′
4. 5′ —— GATATG —— 3′ 3′ —— CTACTA —— 5′

Restriction endonucleases are enzymes which –

1. recognize a specific nucleotide sequence for binding of DNA ligase
2. remove nucleotides from the ends of the DNA molecule
3. restrict the action of the enzyme DNA polymerase
4. make cuts at specific positions within the DNA molecule

Gel electrophoresis is used for:

1. cutting of DNA into fragments
2. separation of DNA fragments according to their size
3. construction of recombinant DNA by joining with cloning vectors
4. isolation of DNA molecule

The linking of antibiotic resistance gene with the plasmid vector became possible with:

1. Exonucleases
2. Endonucleases
3. DNA ligase
4. DNA polymerase

Restriction endonuclease -

1. Cuts the DNA molecule at specific sites
2. Synthesizes DNA
3. Restricts the synthesis of DNA inside the nucleus
4. Cuts the DNA molecule randomly

Which one of the following hydrolyses internal phosphodiester bonds in a polynucleotide chain?

1. Protease
2. Endonuclease
3. Lipase
4. Exonuclease

Restriction endonucleases :-

1. Are used for in vitro DNA synthesis
2. Are present in mammalian cells for degradation of DNA when the cell dies
3. Are synthesized by bacteria as part of their defense mechanism
4. Are used in genetic engineering for ligating two DNA molecules

Which of the following enzymes are used to join bits of DNA ?

1. Endonuclease
2. DNA polymerase
3. Ligase
4. Primase

Manipulation of DNA in genetic engineering became possible due to the discovery of : -

1. Transcriptase
2. DNA ligase
3. Primase
4. Restriction endonuclease

Which of the following cuts the DNA from specific places?

1. Exonuclease
2. Alkaline phosphatase
3. E. coli restriction endonuclease I
4. Ligase