Excretory Products and their Elimination

A decrease in blood pressure/volume will not cause the release of

1. atrial natriuretic factor
2. aldosterone
3. ADH
4. renin

Which of the following statements is correct?

1. The descending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to water
2. The ascending limb of loop of Henle is permeable to water.
3. The descending limb of loop of Henle is permeable to electrolytes.
4. The ascending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to water.

In mammals, which blood vessel would normally carry largest amount of urea?

1. Hepatic Vein
2. Hepatic Portal Vein
3. Renal Vein
4. Dorsal Aorta

The part of nephron involved in active reabsorption of sodium is

1. distal convoluted tubule
2. proximal convoluted tubule
3. Bowman's capsule
4. descending limb of Henle's loop

Human urine is usually acidic because

1. potassium and sodium exchange generates acidity
2. hydrogen ions are actively secreted into the filtrate
3. the sodium transporter exchanges one hydrogen ion for each sodium ion, in peritubular capillaries.
4. excreted plasma proteins are acidic

The body cells in cockroach discharge their nitrogenous waste in the haemolymph mainly in the form of -

1. Urea
2. Potassium urate
3. Calcium carbonate
4. Ammonia

Which of the following does not favour the formation of large quantities of dilute urine?

1. Renin
2. Atrial natriuretic factor
3. Alcohol
4. Caffeine

Removal of proximal convoluted tubule from the nephron will result in

1. no change in quality and quantity of urine
2. no urine formation
3. more diluted urine
4. more concentrated urine.

Which of the following causes an increase in sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule?

1. Increase in aldosterone levels
2. Increase in antidiuretic hormone levels
3. Decrease in aldosterone levels
4. Decrease in antidiuretic hormone levels

Figure shows human urinary system with structures labelled A to D. Select option which correctly identifies them and gives their characteristic and/or functions. [Figure]

1. A - Adrenal gland - located at the anterior part of kidney. Secrete catecholamines which stimulate glycogen breakdown.
2. C - Medulla - inner zone of kidney and contains complete nephrons.
3. B - Pelvis - broad funnel shaped space inner to hilum, directly connected to loops of Henle.
4. D - Cortex - outer part of kidney and do not contain any part of nephrons.