Ecosystem

Ecological pyramids represent the relationship between the organisms at different trophic levels and they are generally inverted for :

1. Pyramid of number in grassland
2. Pyramid of energy in pond ecosystem
3. Pyramid of biomass in grassland
4. Pyramid of biomass in sea

Which of the following are primary consumers in a food chain?

1. Carnivores
2. Parasites
3. Predators
4. Herbivores

Which of the following statements are correct?

1. B and C only
2. A, B and C
3. A and B only
4. A and C only

Given below are two statements: In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

1. Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect
2. Statement I is incorrect but statement II is correct
3. Both statement I and statement II are correct
4. Both statement I and statement II are incorrect

Given below are two statements: In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

1. Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect
2. Statement I is incorrect but statement II is correct
3. Both statement I and statement II are correct
4. Both statement I and statement II are incorrect

Which of the following is the unit of productivity of an Ecosystem?

1. kcal m-3
2. (kcal m-2) yr-1
3. g m-2
4. kcal m-2

In an ecosystem if the Net Primary Productivity (NPP) of first trophic level is 100x ( kcal m-2 ) yr-1, what would be the GPP (Gross Primary Productivity) of the third trophic level of the same ecosystem?

1. x10 ( kcal m-2 ) yr-1
2. x ( kcal m-2 ) yr-1
3. 10x ( kcal m-2 ) yr-1
4. 100x3x ( kcal m-2 ) yr-1

Consider the pyramid of energy of an ecosystem given below: [figure] If T4 is equivalent to 1000 J, what is the value at T1 ?

1. 1000010 J
2. 1000010 4 J
3. 10,000 J
4. 10,00,000 J

Which one of the following is not a limitation of ecological pyramids?

1. Saprophytes are not given any place in ecological pyramids
2. It assumes a simple food chain, that almost never exists in nature
3. It accommodates a food web
4. It does not take into account the same species belonging to two or more trophic levels

Identify the correct statements : Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

1. B, C, D only
2. C, D, E only
3. D, E, A only
4. A, B, C only

In the equation GPP - R = NPP GPP is Gross Primary Productivity NPP is Net Primary Productivity R here is .

1. Respiratory quotient
2. Respiratory loss
3. Reproductive allocation
4. Photosynthetically active radiation

Given below are two statements: In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :

1. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
2. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
3. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
4. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct

Which one of the following will accelerate phosphorus cycle?

1. Burning of fossil fuels
2. Volcanic activity
3. Weathering of rocks
4. Rainfall and storms

Detritivores breakdown detritus into smaller particles. This process is called :

1. Catabolism
2. Fragmentation
3. Humification
4. Decomposition

All successions irrespective of the habitat proceed to which type of climax community?

1. Edaphic
2. Xeric
3. Mesic
4. Hydrophytic

The pioneer species in a hydrarch succession are

1. Filamentous algae
2. Free-floating angiosperms
3. Submerged rooted plants
4. Phytoplanktons

The species that come to appear in bare area are called

1. Species of seral community
2. Pioneer species
3. Invasive species
4. Competitive species

The amount of biomass or organic matter produced per unit area over a time period by plants during photosynthesis is called

1. Net primary production
2. Secondary production
3. Primary production
4. Gross primary production

The amount of nutrients, such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium present in the soil at any given time, is referred to as :

1. Standing crop
2. Climax
3. Climax community
4. Standing state

Which of the following statements is not correct?

1. Pyramid of numbers in a grassland ecosystem is upright
2. Pyramid of biomass in sea is generally inverted.
3. Pyramid of biomass in sea is generally upright.
4. Pyramid of energy is always upright.

In the equation GPP - R = NPP R represents :

1. Respiration losses
2. Radiant energy
3. Retardation factor
4. Environmental factor

In relation to Gross primary productivity and Net primary productivity of an ecosystem, which one of the following statements is correct?

1. There is no relationship between Gross primary productivity and Net primary productivity
2. Gross primary productivity is always more than net primary productivity
3. Gross primary productivity is always less than net primary productivity
4. Gross primary productivity and Net primary productivity are one and same

Which of the following ecological pyramids is generally inverted?

1. Pyramid of biomass in a forest
2. Pyramid of biomass in a sea
3. Pyramid of numbers in grassland
4. Pyramid of energy

What type of ecological pyramid would be obtained with the following data? Secondary consumer : 120 g Primary consumer : 60 g Primary producer : 10 g

1. Inverted pyramid of biomass
2. Pyramid of energy
3. Upright pyramid of numbers
4. Upright pyramid of biomass

Presence of plants arranged into well defined vertical layers depending on their height can be seen best in :

1. Grassland
2. Tropical Savannah
3. Temperate Forest
4. Tropical Rain Forest

Which ecosystem has the maximum biomass ?

1. Pond ecosystem
2. Lake ecosystem
3. Grassland ecosystem
4. Forest ecosystem

Which of the following would appear as the pioneer organisms on bare rocks?

1. Lichens
2. Green algae
3. Liverworts
4. Mosses

Which one of the following is a characteristic feature of cropland ecosystem ?

1. Absence of weeds
2. Absence of soil organisms
3. Ecological succession
4. Least genetic diversity

The term ecosystem was coined by :

1. E.P. Odum
2. E. Haeckel
3. E. Warming
4. A.G. Tansley

The primary producers of the deep-sea hydrothermal vent ecosystem are

1. chemosynthetic bacteria
2. coral reefs
3. green algae
4. blue-green algae