Evolution

Age of fossils in the past was generally determined by radio-carbon method and other methods involving radioactive elements found in the rocks. More precise methods, which were used recently and led to the revision of the evolutionary periods for different groups of organisms include -

1. Electron spin resonance (ESR) & fossil DNA
2. Study of carbohydrates/proteins in fossils
3. Study of the conditions of fossilization
4. Study of carbohydrates/proteins in rocks

What kind of evidence suggested that man is more closely related with chimpanzee than with other hominoid apes ?

1. Evidence from fossil remains and the fossil mitochondrial DNA alone
2. Evidence from DNA extracted from sex chromosomes, autosomes
3. Comparison of chromosome morphology only
4. Evidence from DNA from sex chromosomes only

According to Oparin, which one of the following was not present in the primitive atmosphere of the earth ?

1. Water vapour
2. Oxygen
3. Methane
4. Hydrogen

Diversification in plant life appeared

1. By seed dispersal
2. Due to abrupt mutations
3. Due to long periods of evolutionary changes
4. Suddenly on earth

Convergent evolution is illustrated by:

1. Bacterium and protozoan
2. Rat and dog
3. Dogfish and whale
4. Starfish and cuttle fish

Which one of the following sequences was proposed by Darwin and Wallace for organic evolution?

1. Variations, natural selection, overproduction, constancy of population size
2. Overproduction, constancy of population size, variations, natural selection
3. Variations, constancy of population size, overproduction, natural selection
4. Overproduction, variations, constancy of population size, natural selection

Random genetic drift in a population probably results from

1. Constant low mutation rate
2. Interbreeding within this population
3. Large population size
4. Highly genetically variable individuals

Industrial melanism is an example of :-

1. Darkening of skin due to smoke from industries
2. Defensive adaptation of skin against ultraviolet radiations
3. Drug resistance
4. Protective resemblance with the surroundings

In a random mating population in equilibrium, which of the following brings about a change in gene frequency in a non-directional manner :-

1. Selection
2. Random drift
3. Mutations
4. Migration

Darwin in his 'Natural Selection Theory' did not believe in any role of which one of the following in organic evolution ?

1. Survival of the fittest
2. Parasites and predators as natural enemies
3. Discontinuous variations
4. Struggle for existence