ELISA is used to detect viruses, where the key reagent is :-
- Alkaline phosphatase
- RNase
- DNA probes
- Catalase
Answer
(1) Alkaline phosphatase
Solution
As per NCERT, ELISA is based on the principle of antigen–antibody interaction; infection by a pathogen can be detected by the presence of antigens or of antibodies synthesised against the pathogen.
In ELISA the detecting antibody is linked to an enzyme, so on adding its substrate the enzyme gives a coloured product whose intensity shows the amount of antigen.
The commonly used enzymes are alkaline phosphatase and horseradish peroxidase, whereas DNA probes are used in hybridisation methods, not in ELISA.
∴ The key reagent is alkaline phosphatase.
Answer: (1)