Anatomy of Flowering Plants

The balloon-shaped structures called tyloses

1. are extensions of xylem parenchyma cells into vessels
2. originate in the lumen of vessels
3. are linked to the ascent of sap through xylem vessels
4. characterize the sapwood

Read the different components from (1) to (4) in the list given below and tell the correct order of the components with reference to their arrangement from outer side to inner side in a woody dicot stem : (1) Secondary cortex (2) Wood (3) Secondary phloem (4) Phellem The correct order is :

1. (3), (4), (2), (1)
2. (4), (1), (3), (2)
3. (4), (3), (1), (2)
4. (1), (2), (4), (3)

A major characteristic of the monocot root is the presence of :

1. Vasculature without cambium
2. Cambium sandwiched between phloem and xylem along the radius
3. Open vascular bundles
4. Scattered vascular bundles

Vascular bundles in monocotyledons are considered closed because

1. There are no vessels with perforations
2. Xylem is surrounded all around by phloem
3. A bundle sheath surrounds each bundle
4. Cambium is absent

You are given a fairly old piece of dicot stem and a dicot root. Which of the following anatomical structures will you use to distinguish between the two?

1. Secondary xylem
2. Protoxylem
3. Secondary phloem
4. Cortical cells

Tracheids differ from other tracheary elements in :

1. being imperforate
2. having Casparian strips
3. lacking nucleus
4. being lignified

Lenticels are involved in

1. Food transport
2. Photosynthesis
3. Transpiration
4. Gaseous exchange

Age of a tree can be estimated by :

1. Diameter of its heartwood
2. Number of annual rings
3. Its height and girth
4. Biomass

Interfascicular cambium develops from the cells of :

1. Endodermis
2. Pericycle
3. Medullary rays
4. Xylem parenchyma

Meristematic tissue responsible for increase in girth of tree trunk is :

1. Phellogen
2. Intercalary meristem
3. Apical meristem
4. Lateral meristem