Let y=y(x) be the solution of the differential equation (x2-x x2-1 )dy + (y (x- x2-1 )-x )dx=0, x 1. If y(1)=1, then the greatest integer less than y ( 5 ) is .
Answer
3
Solution
Dividing by x - x2 - 1 (>0): x dy + y dx - xx - x2 - 1dx = 0
1x - x2 - 1 = x + x2 - 1 (rationalise; x2 - (x2 - 1 ) = 1), the equation becomes
d(xy) = (x2 + x x2 - 1 )dx
Integrating, with x x2 - 1 dx = 13 (x2 - 1 )3/2:
xy = x33 + 13 (x2 - 1 )3/2 + C
y(1) = 1 gives 1 = 13 + 0 + C, so C = 23.
At x = 5: 5 y = 5 53 + 83 + 23 = 5 5 + 103
y ( 5 ) = 5 + 2 53 5 + 4.4723 3.16
Greatest integer less than y ( 5 ) = 3
Answer: 3