Ecosystem

Match the following and select the correct option:

1. (a) (i), (b) (ii), (c) (iii), (d) (iv)
2. (a) (iii), (b) (ii), (c) (iv), (d) (i)
3. (a) (iv), (b) (i), (c) (iii), (d) (ii)
4. (a) (ii), (b) (i), (c) (iv), (d) (iii)

Given below is a simplified model of phosphorus cycling in a terrestrial ecosystem with four blanks (A-D). Identify the blanks. [figure]

1. A Detritus, B Rock minerals, C Producer, D Litter fall
2. A Litter fall, B Producers, C Rock minerals, D Detritus
3. A Rock minerals, B Detritus, C Litter fall, D Producers
4. A Producers, B Litter fall, C Rock minerals, D Detritus

If 20 J of energy is trapped at producer level, then how much energy will be available to peacock as food in the following chain? Plant mice snake peacock

1. 0.0002 J
2. 0.002 J
3. 0.2 J
4. 0.02 J

Natural reservoir of phosphorus is :

1. Fossils
2. Rock
3. Sea water
4. Animal bones

Secondary productivity is rate of formation of new organic matter by :

1. Parasite
2. Decomposer
3. Producer
4. Consumers

Which one of the following processes during decomposition is correctly described ?

1. Catabolism – Last step in the decomposition under fully anaerobic condition
2. Leaching – Water soluble inorganic nutrients rise to the top layers of soil
3. Fragmentation – Carried out by organisms such as earthworm
4. Humification – Leads to the accumulation of a dark coloured substance humus which undergoes microbial action at a very fast rate

Which one of the following is a primary consumer in maize field ecosystem ?

1. Phytoplankton
2. Lion
3. Grasshopper
4. Wolf

When man eats fish which feeds on zooplankton which have eaten small plants, the producer in the chain is :

1. Zooplankton
2. Fish
3. Small plants
4. Man

The rate of formation of new organic matter by rabbit in a grassland, is called :

1. Net productivity
2. Gross primary productivity
3. Secondary productivity
4. Net primary productivity

The second stage of hydrosere is occupied by plants like

1. Vallisneria
2. Typha
3. Azolla
4. Salix