Evolution

Which of the following is not an example of convergent evolution ?

1. Fore limbs of whales and bats
2. Flippers of penguins and dolphins
3. Eyes of octopuses and mammals
4. Wings of butterflies and birds

Evolution of human appears parallel to the progressive development of brain and language skills. As such, the evolution of individual species in the sequence of their appearance is:

1. Ramapithecus → Homo habilis → Homo erectus → Neanderthal → Homo sapiens
2. Neanderthal → Ramapithecus → Homo habilis → Homo erectus → Homo sapiens
3. Homo habilis → Homo erectus → Ramapithecus → Neanderthal → Homo sapiens
4. Homo sapiens → Ramapithecus → Homo habilis → Neanderthal → Homo erectus

Adaptive radiation in placental mammals and Australian Marsupials leading to similarity between distant species is an example of .

1. genetic drift
2. divergent evolution
3. convergent evolution
4. founder effect

Given below are two statements: In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

1. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
2. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
3. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
4. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect

Which of the following is not evidence for evolution?

1. Divergent evolution of anatomical structures such as forelimbs
2. Convergent evolution of traits like wings of birds and butterflies
3. Paleontological evidence from fossil records
4. Embryological support for evolution as proposed by Ernst Haeckel

A population of diploid organisms is at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. If the frequency of allele A is 0.1, the frequency of AA is .

1. 0.99
2. 0.01
3. 0.02
4. 0.10

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

1. A is false but R is true
2. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
3. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
4. A is true but R is false

Natural selection can lead to .

1. A and C only
2. A only
3. A, C and D only
4. A, B, C and D

Sweet potato and potato represent a certain type of evolution. Select the correct combination of terms to explain the evolution.

1. Homology, convergent
2. Analogy, divergent
3. Analogy, convergent
4. Homology, divergent

The flippers of the Penguins and Dolphins are the example of the

1. Adaptive radiation
2. Natural selection
3. Convergent evolution
4. Divergent evolution

Given below are some stages of human evolution. Arrange them in correct sequence. (Past to Recent) Choose the correct sequence of human evolution from the options given below:

1. D-A-C-B
2. B-A-D-C
3. C-B-D-A
4. A-D-C-B

Which one of the following factors will not affect the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

1. Genetic recombination
2. Genetic drift
3. Gene migration
4. Constant gene pool

Which evolutionary phenomenon is depicted by the sketch given in figure? [Figure]

1. Artificial selection
2. Genetic drift
3. Convergent evolution
4. Adaptive radiation

What is the correct order (old to recent) of periods in Paleozoic era?

1. Silurian, Devonian, Permian, Carboniferous
2. Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous, Permian
3. Permian, Devonian, Silurian, Carboniferous
4. Silurian, Carboniferous, Permian, Devonian

Select the correct group/set of Australian Marsupials exhibiting adaptive radiation.

1. Numbat, Spotted cuscus, Flying phalanger
2. Mole, Flying squirrel, Tasmanian tiger cat
3. Lemur, Anteater, Wolf
4. Tasmanian wolf, Bobcat, Marsupial mole

Natural selection where more individuals acquire specific character value other than the mean character value, leads to

1. Stabilising change
2. Directional change
3. Disruptive change
4. Random change

Which of the following statements is not true?

1. Analogous structures are a result of convergent evolution
2. Sweet potato and potato are an example of analogy
3. Homology indicates common ancestry
4. Flippers of penguins and dolphins are a pair of homologous organs

Panspermia, an idea that is still a favourite for some astronomers, means:

1. Transfer of spores as unit of life from other planets to Earth
2. Creation of life from dead and decaying matter
3. Creation of life from chemicals
4. Origin of sperm in human testes

Select the correct statement regarding mutation theory of evolution.

1. Large differences due to mutations arise gradually in a population
2. This theory was proposed by Alfred Wallace
3. Variations are small directional changes
4. Single step large mutation is a cause of speciation

The factor that leads to Founder effect in a population is :

1. Genetic drift
2. Natural selection
3. Genetic recombination
4. Mutation

Embryological support for evolution was disapproved by

1. Oparin
2. Alfred Wallace
3. Karl Ernst von Baer
4. Charles Darwin

From his experiments, S.L. Miller produced amino acids by mixing the following in a closed flask

1. CH3, H2, NH3 and water vapor at 600
2. CH4, H2, NH3 and water vapor at 800
3. CH3, H2, NH4 and water vapor at 800
4. CH4, H2, NH3 and water vapor at 600

Flippers of Penguins and Dolphins are examples of

1. Adaptive radiation
2. Natural selection
3. Industrial melanism
4. Convergent evolution

Which of the following refer to correct example(s) of organisms which have evolved due to changes in environment brought about by anthropogenic action?

1. B, C and D only
2. A only
3. A and C only
4. D only

A gene locus has two alleles A, a. If the frequency of dominant allele A is 0.4, then what will be the frequency of homozygous dominant, heterozygous and homozygous recessive individuals in the population?

1. 0.16 (AA); 0.48 (Aa); 0.36 (aa)
2. 0.16 (AA); 0.36 (Aa); 0.48 (aa)
3. 0.36 (AA); 0.48 (Aa); 0.16 (aa)
4. 0.16 (AA); 0.24 (Aa); 0.36 (aa)

Variations caused by mutation, as proposed by Hugo de Vries, are :

1. small and directional
2. small and directionless
3. random and directional
4. random and directionless

In a species, the weight of newborn ranges from 2 to 5 kg. 97\% of the newborn with an average weight between 3 to 3.3 kg survive whereas 99\% of the infants born with weights from 2 to 2.5 kg or 4.5 to 5 kg die. Which type of selection process is taking place?

1. Disruptive Selection
2. Cyclical Selection
3. Directional Selection
4. Stabilizing Selection

The similarity of bone structure in the forelimbs of many vertebrates is an example of

1. homology
2. analogy
3. convergent evolution
4. adaptive radiation

Among the following sets of examples for divergent evolution, select the incorrect option.

1. Forelimbs of man, bat and cheetah
2. Heart of bat, man and cheetah
3. Brain of bat, man and cheetah
4. Eye of octopus, bat and man

According to Hugo de Vries, the mechanism of evolution is

1. multiple step mutations
2. saltation
3. phenotypic variations
4. minor mutations