Human Health and Disease

Which of the following type of immunity is present at the time of birth and is a non-specific type of defence in the human body?

1. Cell-mediated Immunity
2. Humoral Immunity
3. Acquired Immunity
4. Innate Immunity

Match List I with List II : Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

1. A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III
2. A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I
3. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
4. A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III

Select the incorrect statement with respect to acquired immunity.

1. Primary response is produced when our body encounters a pathogen for the first time.
2. Anamnestic response is elicited on subsequent encounters with the same pathogen.
3. Anamnestic response is due to memory of first encounter.
4. Acquired immunity is non-specific type of defense present at the time of birth.

Which of the following reasons is mainly responsible for graft rejection in transplantation of organs?

1. Cell-mediated response
2. Inability of recipient to differentiate between ‘self’ and ‘non-self’ tissues/cells
3. Humoral immune response only
4. Auto-immune response

Match List-I with List-II : Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

1. (a)-(iii), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iv)
2. (a)-(ii), (b)-(iii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(i)
3. (a)-(ii), (b)-(iii), (c)-(i), (d)-(iv)
4. (a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)

Identify the wrong statement with reference to immunity

1. Active immunity is quick and gives full response.
2. When exposed to antigen (living or dead) antibodies are produced in the host's body. It is called “Active immunity”.
3. Foetus receives some antibodies from mother, it is an example for passive immunity.
4. When ready-made antibodies are directly given, it is called “Passive immunity”

Colostrum, the yellowish fluid, secreted by mother during the initial days of lactation is very essential to impart immunity to the newborn infants because it contains :

1. Macrophages
2. Immunoglobulin A
3. Natural killer cells
4. Monocytes

Which of the following immune responses is responsible for rejection of kidney graft?

1. Inflammatory immune response
2. Cell-mediated immune response
3. Auto-immune response
4. Humoral immune response

Transplantation of tissues/ organs fails often due to non-acceptance by the patient's body. Which type of immune response is responsible for such rejections ?

1. Cell-mediated immune response
2. Physiological immune response
3. Hormonal immune response
4. Autoimmune response

Which of the following immunoglobulins does constitute the largest percentage in human milk?

1. IgM
2. IgA
3. IgG
4. IgD

Grafted kidney may be rejected in a patient due to -

1. Humoral immune response
2. Cell-mediated immune response
3. Passive immune response
4. Innate immune response

Which one of the following statements is correct with respect to immunity?

1. Rejection of a kidney graft is the function of B-lymphocytes.
2. Preformed antibodies need to be injected to treat the bite by a viper snake.
3. The antibodies against smallpox pathogen are produced by T-lymphocytes
4. Antibodies are protein molecules, each of which has four light chains.

In which one of the following options the two examples are correctly matched with their particular type of immunity?

1. array|l|l| Examples & Types of immunity \ Polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes & Cellular barriers \ array
2. array|l|l| Examples & Types of immunity \ Anti-tetanus and antisnake bite injection & Active immunity \ array
3. array|l|l| Examples & Types of immunity \ Saliva in mouth and Tear in eyes & Physical barriers \ array
4. array|l|l| Examples & Types of immunity \ Mucus coating of epithelium lining the urinogenital tract and the HCl in stomach & Physiological barriers \ array

Which one of the following acts as a physiological barrier to the entry of microorganisms in human body?

1. Epithelium of urogenital tract
2. Tears
3. Monocytes
4. Skin

Lysozyme that is present in perspiration, saliva and tears, destroys:

1. Certain types of bacteria
2. Most virus-infected cells
3. All viruses
4. Certain fungi

Antibodies in our body are complex-

1. Prostaglandins
2. Steroids
3. Glycoproteins
4. Lipoproteins

Short-lived immunity acquired from mother to foetus across placenta or through mother's milk to the infant is categorised as :-

1. Passive immunity
2. Cellular immunity
3. Innate non-specific immunity
4. Active immunity

Interferons are synthesized in response to

1. Bacteria
2. Mycoplasma
3. Viruses
4. Fungi